PhotoVeltaic wongeyeho ububiko bwingufu, shyira gusa, ni ihuriro ryizuba ryizuba hamwe nububiko bwa bateri. Mugihe ubushobozi bwa pofotovultaic buhujwe buba hejuru kandi busumba, ingaruka kuri grid yamashanyarazi iriyongera, nububiko bwingufu buhura amahirwe menshi yo gukura.
PhotoVelTics wongeyeho ububiko bwingufu afite inyungu nyinshi. Icya mbere, itanga imbaraga zihamye kandi zizewe. Igikoresho cyo kubika amashanyarazi ni nka bateri nini ibika ingufu zizuba zirenze. Iyo izuba ridahagije cyangwa ibyifuzo byamashanyarazi ari hejuru, birashobora gutanga imbaraga kugirango amashanyarazi ahoraho.
Icya kabiri, PhotoVelToltacs wongeyeho ububiko bwingufu birashobora kandi gukora izuba ryinshi mu bukungu. Mugutezimbere ibikorwa, birashobora kwemerera amashanyarazi menshi wenyine no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kugura amashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, ibikoresho byo kubika amashanyarazi birashobora kandi kwitabira isoko rya serivisi ishinzwe imbaraga kugirango bazane inyungu zindi. Gushyira mubikorwa tekinoroji yububiko ituma ibisekuru byizuba bigenda byoroshye kandi bishobora kubahiriza imbaraga zinyuranye. Muri icyo gihe, irashobora kandi gukorana nibihingwa byingufu kugirango ugere kubwuzuzanye bwingufu nyinshi zingufu hamwe nubufatanye bwo gutanga no gusaba.
Ububiko bwingufu bwingufu buratandukanye nubutaka buhujwe na grid. Ingufu zo kubika ingufu hamwe na bateri bishyuza no gusezerera bikenewe kongerwaho. Nubwo ikiguzi cyo hejuru kiziyongera kurwego runaka, urwego rwo gusaba ni rurigo. Hasi tumenyekanisha ibikurikira bine byatoranijwe + kubitsa ingufu zishingiye kuri porogaramu zitandukanye: PhotoVoltaic Kubika Porogaramu, PortOvotoic Kubika Ingufu zabitswe hamwe na Grid Amashusho.
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PhotoVoltaic Off-Grid ingufu zo kubika ingufu
PhotoVoltaic Kubika Ingufu Zibidukikije Ingufu zishobora gukora wigenga udashingiye kuri gride yamashanyarazi. Bakunze gukoreshwa mu turere twa kure, ahantu hatagira imbaraga, ibirwa, ibirwa, amatara yo mu itumanaho n'ahandi gushingwa. Sisitemu igizwe na array ya Photovoltaic, inzitizi ya PhotoVoltaic imashini ihuriweho, ipaki ya bateri, numutwaro w'amashanyarazi. Umuyoboro wa PhotoVoltaic Guhindura Imbaraga Zizuba mungufu Amashanyarazi mugihe hari urumuri, rutanga imbaraga kumutwaro unyuze mumashini igenzura, kandi ushyireho imashini igenzura icyarimwe; Iyo nta mucyo, bateri itanga imbaraga kuri ac umutwaro unyuze muri inverter.
Igishushanyo 1 Igishushanyo cya Schematic cya sisitemu yubusekuru bwa Grid.
Sisitemu ya Photovelultaic Showst Gri-Grid yagenewe gukoreshwa mubice nta mbaraga zamashanyarazi, nkibi birwa, etc. Sisitemu yo hanze ntabwo yishingikiriza kuri gride nini, ariko ishingiye "Kubika no gukoresha icyarimwe" cyangwa uburyo bwo gukora bwo "kubika mbere kandi koresha nyuma" ni ugutanga ubufasha mugihe gikenewe. Sisitemu yo hanze ya grid ningirakamaro cyane kumiryango mubice nta mbavu cyangwa uturere dufite imbaraga zamashanyarazi.
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PhotoVoltaic na Off-grid Kubika Porogaramu
Porogaramu yo kubika ingufu zaho ingufu zikoreshwa cyane mubisabwa nkibikoresho byingufu nyinshi, cyangwa kwiyuhagira guswera bidashobora guhuzwa na enterineti, ibiciro byamashanyarazi birebire, hamwe nibiciro byamashanyarazi bihenze kuruta ibiciro byamashanyarazi .
Igishushanyo 2 Igishushanyo cya Schematic cyibangikanya na sisitemu yo kuzimya ingufu
Sisitemu igizwe na array ya pactovoltaic igizwe nibice byizuba, izuba kandi riri kuri mashini imwe, imashini imwe, ipaki ya bateri, numutwaro. Umuyoboro wa PhotoVoltaic Guhindura Imbaraga Zizuba Mugihe hari umucyo, kandi ugatanga imbaraga kumutwaro unyuze mu mvugo igenzura-in-imwe, mugihe ushukisha amashini imwe, mugihe cyo kwishyuza bariyeri; Iyo nta mucyo, bateri itanga imbaraga zizuba igenzura inyuma-muri-mashini imwe, hanyuma AC yo gushinga amashanyarazi.
Ugereranije na sisitemu yo guhumeka nabi, sisitemu yo hanze yongeyeho ikirego no gusezererwa no gutoranya na bateri. Sisitemu igiciro cyiyongereyeho hafi 30% -50%, ariko intera ikoreshwa ni umutware. Ubwa mbere, birashobora gushyirwaho gusohoka ku mbaraga zipimbano mugihe amashanyarazi yipimisha, agakoresha amafaranga y'amashanyarazi; Icya kabiri, irashobora kwishyurwa mugihe cyikiruhuko no gusezererwa mugihe cya peak ibihe, ukoresheje itandukaniro ryibiciro byimpinga yo gushaka amafaranga; Icya gatatu, iyo grid yubutegetsi yananiwe, sisitemu ya PhotoVoltaic ikomeje gukora nkimbaraga zisubira inyuma. , inverter irashobora guhinduka muburyo bwakazi bwa Drid, hamwe na Photovolletaics na bateri birashobora gutanga imbaraga kumutwaro unyuze muri inverter. Iki kintu kirimo gukoreshwa cyane mubihugu byo mumahanga.
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PhotoVoltaic Grid ihuza ibishushanyo mbonera
Ububiko bwa Grid buhujwe Amashanyarazi Porogaramu Imbaraga za sisitemu muri rusange ikorera muburyo bwa AC copling ya PhotoVoltaic + Kubika ingufu. Sisitemu irashobora kubika imbaraga zirenze imbaraga kandi yongera igipimo cyo kwikuramo. PhotoVeltaic irashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwa poptovoltaic no kubika, kubika inganda nubucuruzi bwamafoto yubucuruzi nibindi bintu. Sisitemu igizwe na array ya Photovoltaic igizwe nibice byizuba, insimburangingo ihujwe na grid, ipaki ya bateri, igiteranyo cya bateri, ikirego no gusezererwa na progaramu yamashanyarazi, numutwaro w'amashanyarazi. Iyo imbaraga zizuba zitari munsi yububasha bwo kwikorera, sisitemu ikoreshwa ningufu zizuba na gride hamwe. Iyo imbaraga z'izuba zirenze imbaraga zo kwikorera, igice cyizuba ryizuba gitanga imbaraga kumutwaro, kandi igice kibitswe binyuze mumugenzuzi. Muri icyo gihe, uburyo bwo kubika ingufu burashobora kandi gukoreshwa kuburizamo-ikibaya, imiyoborere isaba nibindi bintu kugirango wongere icyiciro cyimbona.
Igishushanyo 3 Igishushanyo cya Schematic cya sisitemu yo kubika Grid-ingufu
Nkibipimo bisukuye bisukuye, PhotoVoltaic Died-Ububiko bwo kubika ingufu yakwegereye amasoko mashya yingufu mugihugu cyanjye. Sisitemu ihuza amashanyarazi ya Photovoltaic, ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu na AC Imbaraga za AC kugirango ugere ku gukoresha neza ingufu zisukuye. Ibyiza nyamukuru ni ibi bikurikira: 1. Kunoza igipimo cyo gukoresha imbaraga zamafoto. Amashanyarazi ya PhotoVoltaic agaragara cyane nikirere nubuhanga, kandi bukunze kugaragara kumashanyarazi. Binyuze kubikoresho byo kubika ingufu, imbaraga zisohoka zimbaraga zamafoto ya Photovelultaic zirashobora gutondeka kandi ingaruka zihindagurika ryibisekuru ku myambaro zirashobora kugabanuka. Mugihe kimwe, ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu birashobora gutanga imbaraga kuri gride mubihe bike byoroheje kandi bitezimbere igipimo cyimikoreshereze yigisekuru cya PhotoVoltaic. 2. Kuzamura ituze rya gride yububasha. Sisitemu yo kubikamo ingufu za grid ihuza ingufu irashobora gukurikiranwa no guhindura imbohe no kunoza imitekano yibikorwa. Iyo imbaraga za gric ihindagurika, igikoresho cyo kubika ingufu gishobora gusubiza vuba kugirango utange cyangwa ukemure imbaraga zirenze kugirango ukore neza gride yububasha. 3. Teza imbere ikoreshwa ry'ingufu nshya hamwe n'iterambere ryihuse ryingufu zingufu zingufu nkurugero nimbaraga zamafoto, ibibazo byo kurya byahindutse. Sisitemu ya PhotoVoltaic yahujwe ingufu irashobora kunoza ubushobozi bwo kubona no gukoresha ingufu nshya kandi igabanya igitutu cyamabwiriza yimpinga kuri Grid. Binyuze mu kohereza ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu, umusaruro woroshye imbaraga zingufu zirashobora kugerwaho.
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Microgrid ibika sisitemu sisitemu
Nkibikoresho byingenzi byo kubika ingufu, sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zingufu zigira uruhare rukomeye mugutezimbere ingufu nzema na sisitemu yingufu. Hamwe no gutera imbere kwa siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga ndetse n'imbaraga zo kuvugurura, ibyabaye byo kubika ingufu za microgrid bikomeje kwaguka, cyane cyane harimo ibintu bibiri bikurikira:
1. Sisitemu yo kubika amashanyarazi na sisitemu yo kubika ingufu: Gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi bivuga ishyirwaho ryibidukikije bito, nka soclantaic, imbaraga zumuyaga, nibindi byinshi bibitswe binyuze muri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu kugirango rishobore gukoreshwa mugihe cya peak dosiye cyangwa gutanga imbaraga mugihe cyo kunanirwa kwa Grid.
2. MICROGD YISUBUZA AMAFARANGA: Mu turere twa kure, ibirwa n'ahandi hantu hashobora kubika ingufu muri microgrid
Microrisi irashobora gukoresha neza kandi neza ubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu zisukuye binyuze mubyuzuza byingufu, bikagabanya ibintu bidafite ishingiro, kandi ubwishingizi budahungabana bubi, kandi ni a INYIGISHO Z'INGENZI KURI GRIDE NZIZA. Ibisabwa bya microgrid birahinduka, igipimo gishobora kuva mubihumbi bya Watts kugeza kuri megawatt, kandi intera ikoreshwa ni umutware.
Igishushanyo cya 4 Igishushanyo cya Schematic cya MicroVeltaic Microgrid Kubika ingufu
Ibisabwa byo kubika ingufu za PhotoVoltaic ni abakire kandi batandukanye, bitwikiriye uburyo butandukanye nka grid, grid-ihujwe na micro-gride. Mubikorwa bifatika, ibintu bitandukanye bifite ibyiza byabo nibiranga, guha abakoresha imbaraga zihamye kandi zikora neza. Hamwe niterambere rihoraho no kugabanya ibikoresho bya PhotoVoltaic, Ububiko bwingufu bwa PhotoVoltaic buzakina uruhare rukomeye muri sisitemu yigihe kizaza. Muri icyo gihe, kuzamurwa mu ntera no gushyira mu bikorwa ibintu bitandukanye nabyo bizafasha kandi iterambere ry'inganda nshya z'ingufu z'igihugu kandi zikagira uruhare mu gutangiza ingufu n'iterambere ry'icyatsi n'icyatsi.
Igihe cya nyuma: Gicurasi-11-2024
